Inventory of Innovative Indoor Smoke
Alleviating Technologies in Nepal
5
Chapter Two
INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES
IN NEPAL: A REVIEW
The Government of Nepal has launched National ICS
Programme to achieve substantial reduction in IAP,
increase fuel efficiency, decrease cooking time and
reduction in deforestation. Likewise, to reinforce
government’s priority different organisations and
institutions have developed and promoted various IAP
reducing technologies in Nepal. The intervention of ICS
made of mud bricks, metals, briquettes, chimneys and
smokehood technologies are identified as some of the
most successful technologies in reducing IAP at HH level
particularly for those using firewood and agricultural
residues for cooking and heating. As majority of the
rural HHs do not have options to substitute biomass
fuel, the appropriate technological intervention for
efficient use of biomass based energy has become very
important for sustainability. However few prominent
renewable energy technologies - biogas and solar
cooking are promoted and disseminated as an
alternative to solid biomass energy. The biogas
technology is very successful in Nepal. This study depicts
the importance of biogas and solar cooking technologies
as an alternative to biomass energy.
In summary, this study is a compilation of various
technologies developed and promoted with the objective
of reducing IAP and finding alternatives for efficient fuel
use in rural HHs of Nepal. The technologies are:
Improved Cooking Stoves (ICS)
Mud-brick ICS
Metal ICS
Briquette
Smokehood
Solar cooking
Biogas